How do I find out what permits my project needs?
Start with your local building department
The building department for your city or county is the authority that issues permits. Most have a website with a list of common projects and whether they need a permit. If you can't find your answer online, call or visit the office and explain what you plan to do. They'll ask for your address and details like size, location, and whether it's structural, electrical, plumbing, or mechanical work.
Some jurisdictions offer an online permit portal where you can search by address or project type. Others have a handout or checklist for homeowners. If you're unsure, it's always safer to ask—starting work without a required permit can lead to fines, stop-work orders, or required removal of the work.
What typically needs a permit
Most structural, electrical, plumbing, and mechanical changes require a permit. That includes additions, decks, sheds over a certain size, fences over a certain height, roof replacements, window replacements (if changing size or egress), water heaters, HVAC replacements, and new electrical circuits. Cosmetic work like painting, flooring, and minor repairs usually doesn't.
However, rules vary widely. For example, some areas require a permit for a fence over 6 feet, others over 4 feet. Some allow small sheds without a permit, others don't. Always verify with your local office.
- Additions, decks, porches, and garages
- Electrical panel upgrades, new circuits, and rewiring
- Plumbing changes like moving pipes or adding fixtures
- HVAC installation or replacement
- Roof replacement or structural repairs
- Water heaters, furnaces, and central air
Common mistakes
- Assuming that because a neighbor did similar work without a permit, you don't need one—rules can change and enforcement varies.
- Thinking that a permit is only needed for major construction; even small electrical or plumbing changes often require one.
- Relying on a contractor to pull permits without verifying—if they don't, you as the homeowner are ultimately responsible.
